Abstract
Background: In the general population, obesity and MetS and its components are important risk factors for incident cognitive impairment and dementia. Similarly, obesity and components of MetS negatively influence the integrity of brain structure. However, the relationship between obesity/MetS and neurocognition/neuroimaging has received limited attention in patients with BD. Aim: This work aims to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components, in bipolar disorder (BD) patients. Materials and Methods: A systematic search was performed over different medical databases to identify Psychiatry studies, which studied the outcome of the BD group versus the Control group of bipolar disorder (BD) patients. Using the meta-analysis process, either with fixed or random-effects models, we conducted a meta-analysis on the prevalence of ">= 1 MetS components" as a primary outcome, and on obesity, DM, HTN, Hyperlipidemia prevalence, as secondary outcomes. Results: Seven studies were identified involving 2773 patients, with 566 patients in the BD group, and 2207 patients in the Control group. The meta-analysis process revealed a highly significant increase in MetS prevalence in the BD group compared to the Control group (p<0.001), along with obesity, HTN, and hyperlipidemia (P<0.05) respectively. Conclusion: To conclude, the present study suggests that over a mean period of about 5 years, there is an increase in the prevalence of MetS among patients with BD. Accordingly, there is a need to periodically monitor the metabolic parameter of patients with BD and interventions must be started for the same at the earliest.