Abstract
Efficient synthesis of a series of nanosized phenothiazine derivatives incorporating thiazole moiety was achieved using microwave irradiation as well as thermal conditions. Reaction of 2-(1-(10H-phenothiazin-2-yl)ethylidene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide with various types of hydrazonoyl halide or -haloketone afforded corresponding thiazolyl phenothiazines in good to excellent yield. Mass, H-1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and elemental analyses confirmed the structure of all the new derivatives. The reaction progressed under microwave irradiation in shorter reaction time with higher yield compared with the conventional method. The antimicrobial and antitumor activities of selected derivatives were investigated, revealing that some of them showed high potency compared with standard references.