Abstract
•Integrating the mitigation of voltage sags into the DS planning process.•Determining the optimal BESS sizes and locations for solving voltage-sag problems.•Developing a stochastic planning algorithm for mitigating voltage sags.•Introducing a PFNR algorithm for guaranteeing optimal and reliable post-fault operation.•Enhancing the post-fault operation of the DS using BESSs.
This paper proposes a framework for solving voltage-sag and voltage-deviation problems in distribution networks using battery energy storage systems (BESSs). The proposed framework is divided into two parts. In the first part, a proposed stochastic planning algorithm determines the optimal sizes and locations of the BESSs that mitigate voltage sags in distribution systems (DSs). The objective of the planning algorithm is to minimize the system annualized costs that include the BESS costs as well as the economic losses associated with voltage-sag events. In the second part, a post-fault network-reconfiguration (PFNR) algorithm is proposed to guarantee the optimal and reliable post-fault operation of the system. The objective function is to minimize the post-fault operation costs that include the generation costs, load-curtailment costs, and BESS costs. The main goal of the second part is to use the BESSs obtained from the planning algorithm to ensure the full satisfaction of the system operational constraints that include the voltage limits. The two parts proposed in this paper have been tested on IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus distribution systems. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms in mitigating voltage-sag and voltage-deviation problems at the system level using BESSs.