Abstract
The medicinal administration of
Aloe vera
gel has become promising in pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications particularly with the development of the nanotechnology concept. Nowadays, effective
H. pylori
treatment is a global problem; therefore, the development of natural products with nanopolymers such as chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) could represent a novel strategy for the treatment of gastric infection of
H. pylori
. HPLC analysis of
A. vera
gel indicated the presence of chlorogenic acid as the main constituent (1637.09 µg/mL) with other compounds pyrocatechol (1637.09 µg/mL), catechin (1552.92 µg/mL), naringenin (528.78 µg/mL), rutin (194.39 µg/mL), quercetin (295.25 µg/mL), and cinnamic acid (37.50 µg/mL). CSNPs and
A. vera
gel incorporated with CSNPs were examined via TEM, indicating mean sizes of 83.46 nm and 36.54 nm, respectively. FTIR spectra showed various and different functional groups in CSNPs,
A. vera
gel, and
A. vera
gel incorporated with CSNPs. Two strains of
H. pylori
were inhibited using
A. vera
gel with inhibition zones of 16 and 16.5 mm, while
A. vera
gel incorporated with CSNPs exhibited the highest inhibition zones of 28 and 30 nm with resistant and sensitive strains, respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 15.62 and 3.9 µg/mL, while the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 15.60 and 7.8 µg/mL with MBC/MIC 1 and 2 indexes using
A. vera
gel and
A. vera
gel incorporated with CSNPs, respectively, against the resistance strain. DPPH Scavenging (%) of the antioxidant activity exhibited an IC
50
of 138.82 μg/mL using
A.vera
gel extract, and 81.7 μg/mL when
A.vera
gel was incorporated with CSNPs.
A.vera
gel incorporated with CSNPs enhanced the hemolysis inhibition (%) compared to using
A.vera
gel alone. Molecular docking studies through the interaction of chlorogenic acid and pyrocatechol as the main components of
A. vera
gel and CSNPs with the crystal structure of the
H. pylori
(4HI0) protein supported the results of anti-
H. pylori
activity.