Abstract
An outbreak of hand, foot, and mouth disease was reported through hospital-based surveillance in Nanchang, China in 2014. A total of 244 cases were reported, 176 (72.1%) cases were tested positive for enteroviruses by direct reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, in which enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16), and untyped enteroviruses (UEV) accounted for 84.1%, 3.4%, and 12.5%, respectively. In this outbreak, children under 5 years old constituted more than 98% of the positive cases, and the ratio of male to female cases was 2.6 to 1 (P < 0.01). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Nanchang EV-A71 strains belonged to subgenotype C4a undergoing continuously evolutionary changes.