Abstract
This review considers the syntheses of polymer nanocomposites containing nanoparticles formed in nanostructured polymer systems, including block copolymers, dendrimers, nanoporous polymers, polyelectrolyte gel-surfactant complexes and multilayer films. It is noted that nanostructures in amphiphilic block copolymers are formed spontaneously both in the bulk (block microsegregation) and in solution (block copolymer micelles). It is shown that nanostructures in polymer systems play the role of nanoreactors for the growing nanoparticles and the nanoparticle size, shape and size distribution are controlled by nanostructure characteristics and synthesis conditions. The catalytic, magnetic and optical properties of these nanostructured polymer nanocomposites are discussed. Bibliography-131 references.