Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to apply the incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics method for simulating the natural convection flow inside a cavity including cross blades or circular cylinder cylinder.
Design/methodology/approach
The base fluid is water and copper-water nanofluid is treated as a working fluid. The left and rights walls are maintained at a cool temperature, the horizontal cavity walls are isolated and the inner shape was heated. The physical parameters are the length of the blades L_Blade, the number of cross blades, circular cylinder radius L_R, Rayleigh number Ra and the nanoparticles volume fraction.
Findings
The results reveal that the lengths of the cross blade, number of the blades and radius of the circular cylinder is working as an enhancement factor for heat transfer and fluid flows inside a cavity. Adding nanoparticles augments heat transfer and reduces the fluid flow intensity inside a cavity. The best case for buoyancy-driven flow was obtained when the inner shape is the circular cylinder at a higher Rayleigh number.
Originality/value
This work uses a distinctive numerical method to study the natural convection heat from cross blades inside a cavity filled with nanofluid. It provides a new analysis of this issue and presented good results.