Abstract
In this work, an incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) method is used to simulate the natural convection of Al2O3-water nanofluid filled annulus between a wavy rectangle and a square cavity using non-homogenous Buongiorno's two-phasemodel. In the physical model, the left cavity wall is kept at a high temperature T-h, the right wall has a lower temperature T-c, and the horizontal walls are adiabatic. The Lagrangian description of the partial governing equations is discretized using ISPH method. Simulations were carried out for variable wave amplitude (0.01 <= A <= 0.12), variable wave length of wavy rectangle (0.3 <= L-r <= 0.8), and variable average of nanoparticle volume fraction (1% <= phi(avg) <= 10%). Moreover, two cases of thermal conductions including adiabatic and cooling conditions for the inner wavy blockage were considered. The length of the inner wavy rectangle plays an important role on controlling the convective heat transfer and fluid intensity through the annulus. An increase on the length and amplitude of the wavy rectangle reduces the convection flow, maximum values of the stream function and strength of the velocity field. A growing on the average of nanoparticle volume fraction phi(avg) reduces the maximum of the stream function, normalized nanoparticle volume fractions phi*, and average Nusselt number.