Abstract
A nanohybrid prepared from green source (nanocellulose, NC) and nitrogen, sulfur co-doped graphene quantum dots (N, S@GQDs) was prepared for the electrochemical detection of olanzapine (OLZ), atypical antipsychotic primarily used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Polar groups on the surface of NC and N, S@GQDs provide more anchoring sites for adsorption of OLZ onto the electrode surface. In addition, it provides high conductivity, good mechanical strength, large surface area, and excellent electrical conductivity. The nanocomposite was characterized morphologically and electrochemically by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscope (TEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave adsorptive stripping voltammetry (SWAdSV). Under the optimized conditions, the modified electrode has a good response in the range of 1.5–90.0 × 10−8 M with LOD of 0.5 × 10−8 M. The proposed electrode offers high sensitivity, selectivity, and reliability towards OLZ detection. The SWAdSV was used to determine OLZ in pharmaceutical tablets, human plasma and urine with good recoveries % and reasonable RSD% values.
•New combination of nanocellulose (NC) and nitrogen and sulfur co-doped graphene quantum dots (N, S @GQDs) was proposed.•The nanohybrid (NC/N, S@GQDs) was drop-casted on the surface of GCE for voltammetric oxidation of OLZ.•This fabricated sensor has low detection limit, dynamic range, good reproducibility, stability and sensitivity.•Successful determination of OLZ in pharmaceutical dosage, human blood plasma and urine