Abstract
Histological evidence of a non-suppurative meningoencephalitis was detected in. 5 adult camels (Camelus dromedarius), brought for postmortem examination with a clinical history of nervous signs. The inflammatory reaction was dominated by intense lymphocytic infiltration and perivascular cuffing, microgliosis, and degeneration and necrosis of some individual neurons in the cerebral and cerebellar cortex Severe vascular changes characterised by diffuse capillary congestion and focal haemorrhages in the white matter were frequently observed. Leptomeningitis was further indicated by fibrinous exudation and inflammatory cellular infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages and glial cells. The causative agent was not yet determined. However, the purely lymphocytic nature of the inflammatory reaction is highly suggestive of viral infection.