Abstract
We have developed develop an approach to simulate the finite-difference discretization on staggered grids. Specifically, we consider simulation domains composed of layers of uniform grids with different grid spacings, separated by nonconforming interfaces. We determine that this layer-wise finite-difference discretization has the potential to significantly reduce the simulation cost, compared to its fully uniform counterpart. Stability of such a discretization is achieved by using specially designed difference operators, which are variants of the standard difference operators with adaptations near boundaries or interfaces, and penalty terms, which are appended to the discretized wave system to weakly impose boundary or interface conditions. Combined with specially designed interpolation operators, the discretized wave system is shown to preserve the energy-conserving property of the continuous elastic wave equation, and a fortiori ensures the stability of the simulation. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed simulation approach.