Abstract
The main objective of this study is to develop a novel photovoltaic thermal collector (PVT) to improve the electrical and thermal efficiencies of the solar collector. The goal is to maximize the electrical power and minimize the thermal losses of the solar panel. A novel photovoltaic thermal collector is designed and tested. The new PVT collector includes: (1) An optical anti-reflective and low-emissivity coating to reduce the radiation losses; (2) A thermal resistance to reduce the conduction losses between the photovoltaic and absorber plate; and (3) A channel heat exchanger to decrease the thermal losses between the solar cells and the cooling fluid. A transient two-dimension multi-physics model for the PVT sheet-tube and the advanced PVT collector is developed. The state variable variations are predicted by the finite volume method. A comparison between the two considered hybrid collectors in terms of thermal and electrical efficiencies and temperature distribution is performed. Moreover, the impact of arrangement (antireflective and low-emissivity coating, thermal resistance between the absorber plate and the cooling fluid, enhanced exchange surface area between the flat plat exchanger and the cooling fluid) on the new PVT collector is studied and analyzed. The simulation results showed clearly the advantages of using this evolution of the PVT collector compared to the basic one. Indeed, this new PVT configuration represents a series of improvements that lead to a lower PV module and higher fluid operating temperatures. Higher electrical and thermal efficiencies for the proposed PVT (15.4%, 73%) are obtained compared to the basic PVT collector (13.7%, 58%), respectively under no loss and standard test conditions. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.