Abstract
Fundamental laws are used for modeling of transport characteristics in Williamson fluid with Cu and Al2O3. Models are solved numerically using the finite element method (FEM). study is conducted on the effects of hybrid nanoparticles on heat and mass transfer during homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions. The Williamson parameter can play significant influence on momentum transport. Based on simulations, the Lorentz force for the flow of Cu-Al2O3–Williamson fluid is greater than the Lorentz force acting on Cu-Williamson fluid. Thus momentum BL thickness for Cu-Al2O3-Williamson fluid is less than that for the flow of Cu-Williamson fluid. An increase in curvature parameter makes the fluid to decelerate. However, this decelerating effect for flow of Cu-Williamson fluid is more than that in Cu-Al2O3– Williamson fluid. Mass transport in the fluid is slow down by an increase in when Schmidt number is increased. However, this decrease in transport of mass in Cu-Al2O3– Williamson fluid is greater than that in Cu-Williamson fluid. Concentration related to the products of species taking part in homogeneous-heterogeneous chemical reaction strength.