Abstract
In this article we review main structural features of synovial joint and hyaluronan, important functional properties. We conducted a comprehensive literature search using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed databases. This review describes hyaluronan properties and distribution, applications and its function in synovial joints for all studies published up to March, 2018. Synovial joints are one of the most common kind of joint in the body. A key architectural characteristic for a synovial joint that is not seen at fibrous or cartilaginous joints is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled area is the site at which the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Likewise unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surface areas at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to relocate smoothly versus each other, permitting enhanced joint range of motion.