Abstract
Objective: The goal of this research was to investigate the role of body mass index (BMI) as a risk and prognostic factor for ovarian cancer in Saudi women. Methods: The data of 937 ovarian cancer patients treated in Saudi Arabia between January 2020 and October 2021 were studied in this cloned duplicated hypothetical view point. Four age-matched controls from healthy women were selected to assess sickness risk based on BMI (1-year age group). Results: Obese (BMI >25 kg/m2) and overweight (BMI >23 kg/m2) women had a greater cancer incidence than non-obese (BMI b23 kg/m2) women (OR=3.161, 95 percent Ci=2.655-3.763 and OR=1.536, 95 percent CI=1.260-1.873, respectively). In other words, a rise of 1 kg/m2 raised the risk of ovarian cancer by 18% (OR=1.181, 95 percent CI=1.155-1.207). Overall survival, however, did not change based on BMI categories (log-rank=0.366, p=0.8328). The crude Cox model found that obesity was not associated with overall survival when obese and non-obese women were compared (crude HR=0.82, 95 percent 0=0.40-1.66). Furthermore, there was a significant trend toward a better prognosis as BMI increased (p for trend b 0.001), despite the fact that this was not detected in the multivariate analysis. Condusions: A high BMI was shown to be a substantial risk factor for ovarian cancer in the Saudi population. Despite the early tumor stage in the obese women, it was not associated with overall survival.