Abstract
– Optical solitons in birefringent fibers modeled by Manakov equation are studied with multiplicative white noise rather than additive noise.
– First, a quick and succinct intro to the model is given. Next, the re-visitation of the mathematical analysis is addressed. Later, the ϕ6 –expansion approach with Itô Calculus is implemented. Finally, a wide spectrum of vector soliton solutions are exhibited in this paper.
– Unlike in additive noise, optical solitons come with the factor of stochasticity due to the presence of white noise in the model. The mathematical approach along with the solution extraction methodology exposes the optical bright, dark and singular soliton solutions in birefringent fibers to the model. The parametric constraints for the existence of such solitons are enumerated. Singular periodic solutions are also derived from the integration scheme.
– The current work is the first to study the Manakov model in birefringent fibers with the presence of noise. The white noise appears only in the phase component of the solitons that is being observed for the first time in this work.