Abstract
Inflammatory diseases of the jaws are a clinical challenge. Therapeutic options and especially chances of success in treatment vary depending on the underlying entity. Prophylactics on the other hand are very similar. They include a good oral hygiene and care as well as an adequate therapy of dental infections. This article gives an overview of the state of knowledge concerning the various types of inflammatory diseases of the jaws and their differences to osteomyelitis of other body regions. An interdisciplinary knowledge and collaborations are essential for preventing, detecting and treating osteomyelitis or osteonecrosis of the jaw and to avoid major complications.