Abstract
Introduction: One factor that can affect treatment outcomes is the treatment provider, and this factor has not been extensively studied. This research aimed to evaluate orthodontic treatment quality, length, and efficiency when 2 orthodontists collaborated on treatment, compared with the treatment provided solely by either orthodontist. Methods: A total of 150 consecutively treated subjects were divided into 3 equal groups based on the treating clinician. Patients in group A were treated by orthodontist A, group B by orthodontist B, and group C by both orthodontists in collaboration. The Peer Assessment Rating (PAR), Index of Complexity, Outcome, and Need (ICON), American Board of Orthodontics-Discrepancy Index, and American Board of Orthodontics-Cast and Radiographic Evaluation were used to assess the pretreatment and posttreatment status. Patient age, gender, type of malocclusion, extraction treatment, orthognathic surgery, treatment length, number of visits, and treatment efficiency index were assessed. Results: Posttreatment PAR and ICON indices showed excellent results in all 3 groups. American Board of Orthodontics-Cast and Radiographic Evaluation was significantly higher in group C (25.3 points) than in group A (21.5 points) or group B (22.0 points) (P = 0.014). Patients in group A had significantly shorter treatment time (23 months) than those in either group B or C (26 months) (P = 0.011). Patients in group C required more appointments (27 visits) than those in either group A or B (23 and 25 visits, respectively). The treatment efficiency index showed no statistically significant difference among the 3 groups. Conclusions: There was no difference in treatment quality among the 3 groups, as assessed by the PAR index and ICON. Jointly treated cases required 2 to 4 more visits and had higher American Board of Orthodontics-Cast and Radiograph Evaluation scores than those treated by either orthodontist. Complex cases required 6 to 7 more months when they were treated collaboratively.