Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa

N. N. Wijayawardene; K. D. Hyde; L. K. T. Al-Ani; L. Tedersoo; D. Haelewaters; K. C. Rajeshkumar; R. L. Zhao; A. Aptroot; D. Leontyev; R. K. Saxena; Y. S. Tokarev; D. Q. Dai; P. M. Letcher; S. L. Stephenson; D. Ertz; H. T. Lumbsch; M. Kukwa; I. Issi; H. Madrid; A. J. L. Phillips; L. Selbmann; W. P. Pfliegler; E. Horvath; K. Bensch; P. M. Kirk; K. Kolarikova; H. A. Raja; R. Radek; Papp; B. Dima; J. Ma; E. Malosso; S. Takamatsu; G. Rambold; P. B. Gannibal; D. Triebel; A. K. Gautam; S. Avasthi; S. Suetrong; E. Timdal; S. C. Fryar; G. Delgado; M. Reblova; M. Doilom; S. Dolatabadi; J. Z. Pawlowska; R. A. Humber; R. Kodsueb; Sanchez-Castro; B. T. Goto; D. K. A. Silva; F. A. de Souza; F. R. Oehl; G. A. da Silva; I. R. Silva; J. Blaszkowski; K. Jobim; L. C. Maia; F. R. Barbosa; P. O. Fiuza; P. K. Divakar; B. D. Shenoy; R. F. Castaneda-Ruiz; S. Somrithipol; A. A. Lateef; S. C. Karunarathna; S. Tibpromma; P. E. Mortimer; D. N. Wanasinghe; R. Phookamsak; J. Xu; Y. Wang; F. Tian; P. Alvarado; D. W. Li; Kusan; N. Matocec; A. Mesic; Z. Tkalcec; S. S. N. Maharachchikumbura; M. Papizadeh; G. Heredia; F. Wartchow; M. Bakhshi; E. Boehm; N. Youssef; V. P. Hustad; J. D. Lawrey; A. L. C. M. A. Santiago; J. D. P. Bezerra; C. M. Souza-Motta; A. L. Firmino; Q. Tian; J. Houbraken; S. Hongsanan; K. Tanaka; A. J. Dissanayake; J. S. Monteiro; H. P. Grossart; A. Suija; G. Weerakoon; J. Etayo; A. Tsurykau; V. Vazquez; P. Mungai; U. Damm; Q. R. Li; H. Zhang; S. Boonmee; Y. Z. Lu; A. G. Becerra; B. Kendrick; F. Q. Brearley; J. Motiejunaite; B. Sharma; R. Khare; S. Gaikwad; D. S. A. Wijesundara; L. Z. Tang; M. Q. He; A. Flakus; P. Rodriguez-Flakus; M. P. Zhurbenko; E. H. C. McKenzie; M. Stadler; D. J. Bhat; J. K. Liu; M. Raza; R. Jeewon; E. S. Nassonova; M. Prieto; R. G. U. Jayalal; M. Erdogdu; A. Yurkov; M. Schnittler; O. N. Shchepin; Y. K. Novozhilov; A. G. S. Silva-Filho; E. Gentekaki; P. Liu; J. C. Cavender; Y. Kang; S. Mohammad; L. F. Zhang; R. F. Xu; Y. M. Li; M. C. Dayarathne; A. H. Ekanayaka; T. C. Wen; C. Y. Deng; O. L. Pereira; S. Navathe; D. L. Hawksworth; X. L. Fan; L. S. Dissanayake; E. Kuhnert; M. Thines

doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8

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Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa

N. N. Wijayawardene, K. D. Hyde, L. K. T. Al-Ani, L. Tedersoo, D. Haelewaters, K. C. Rajeshkumar, R. L. Zhao, A. Aptroot, D. Leontyev, R. K. Saxena, …

Mycosphere, journal of fungal biology, Vol.11(1), pp.1060-1456

01/01/2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8

Abstract

Life Sciences & Biomedicine

Mycology

Science & Technology

This article provides an outline of the classification of the kingdom Fungi (including fossil fungi. i.e. dispersed spores, mycelia, sporophores, mycorrhizas). We treat 19 phyla of fungi. These are Aphelidiomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiobolomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Calcarisporiellomycota, Caulochytriomycota, Chytridiomycota, Entomophthoromycota, Entorrhizomycota, Glomeromycota, Kickxellomycota, Monoblepharomycota, Mortierellomycota, Mucoromycota, Neocallimastigomycota, Olpidiomycota, Rozellomycota and Zoopagomycota. The placement of all fungal genera is provided at the class-, order- and family-level. The described number of species per genus is also given. Notes are provided of taxa for which recent changes or disagreements have been presented. Fungus-like taxa that were traditionally treated as fungi are also incorporated in this outline (i.e. Eumycetozoa, Dictyosteliomycetes, Ceratiomyxomycetes and Myxomycetes). Four new taxa are introduced: Amblyosporida ord. nov. Neopereziida ord. nov. and Ovavesiculida ord. nov. in Rozellomycota, and Protosporangiaceae fam. nov. in Dictyosteliomycetes. Two different classifications (in outline section and in discussion) are provided for Glomeromycota and Leotiomycetes based on recent studies. The phylogenetic reconstruction of a four-gene dataset (18S and 28S rRNA, RPB1, RPB2) of 433 taxa is presented, including all currently described orders of fungi.

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Title: Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa
Creators - without role: N. N. Wijayawardene - Qujing Normal University
K. D. Hyde - Mae Fah Luang University
L. K. T. Al-Ani - University of Baghdad
L. Tedersoo - University of Tartu
D. Haelewaters - Univ South Bohemia, Fac Sci, Branisovska 31, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic
K. C. Rajeshkumar - Agharkar Research Institute
R. L. Zhao - Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Mycol, Inst Microbiol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China
A. Aptroot - S&N
D. Leontyev - HS Skovoroda Kharkiv Natl Pedag Univ, Dept Bot, Valentynivska 2, UA-61168 Kharkiv, Ukraine
R. K. Saxena - Birbal Sahni Inst Palaeosci, 53 Univ Rd, Lucknow 226007, Uttar Pradesh, India
Y. S. Tokarev - Plant
D. Q. Dai - Qujing Normal University
P. M. Letcher - University of Alabama
S. L. Stephenson - Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA
D. Ertz - Bot Garden Meise, Dept Res, Nieuwelaan 38, BE-1860 Meise, Belgium
H. T. Lumbsch - Field Museum, Sci & Educ, 1400 S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA
M. Kukwa - University of Gdańsk
I. Issi - Plant
H. Madrid - Univ Mayor, Fac Ciencias, Ctr Genom & Bioinformat, Camino La Piramide 5750, Santiago, Chile
A. J. L. Phillips - University of Lisbon
L. Selbmann - Univ Tuscia, Dept Ecol & Biol Sci DEB, Viterbo, Italy
W. P. Pfliegler - University of Debrecen
E. Horvath - University of Debrecen
K. Bensch - Bot Staatssammlung Munchen, SNSB IT Ctr, Menzinger Str 67, D-80638 Munich, Germany
P. M. Kirk - Dassault Systèmes
K. Kolarikova - Czech Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Pruhonice 25243, Czech Republic
H. A. Raja - Univ North Carolina Greensboro, Dept Chem & Biochem, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA
R. Radek - Free Univ Berlin, Inst Biol Zool, Evolutionary Biol, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
Papp - Magyar Agrár- és Élettudományi Egyetem
B. Dima - Eötvös Loránd University
J. Ma - Jiangxi Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, Peoples R China
E. Malosso - Univ Fed Pernambuco, Ctr Biociencias, Dept Micol, Lab Hifomicetos Folhedo, BR-50740600 Recife, PE, Brazil
S. Takamatsu - Mie University
G. Rambold - University of Bayreuth
P. B. Gannibal - Plant
D. Triebel - IT Ctr, Staatliche Nat Wissensch Liche Sammlungen Bayerns, Menzinger Str 67, D-80638 Munich, Germany
A. K. Gautam - Supreme Council Of Health
S. Avasthi - Jiwaji University
S. Suetrong - Natl Sci & Technol Dev Agcy, NBT, 113 Thailand Sci Pk, Amphoe Khlong Luang 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
E. Timdal - University of Oslo
S. C. Fryar - Flinders University
G. Delgado - EMLab P&K Houston, 10900 Brittmoore Pk Dr Suite G, Houston, TX 77041 USA
M. Reblova - Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Pruhonice 25243, Czech Republic
M. Doilom - Chiang Mai University
S. Dolatabadi - Sabzevar University of New Technology
J. Z. Pawlowska - University of Warsaw
R. A. Humber - USDA ARS Emerging Pests & Pathogens Res, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
R. Kodsueb - Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University
Sanchez-Castro - Universidad de Granada
B. T. Goto - Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Bot & Zool, Campus Univ, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil
D. K. A. Silva - Univ Fed Paraiba, Ctr Ciencias Aplicadas & Educ, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Monitoramento Ambiental, Campus 4, BR-58297000 Rio Tinto, PB, Brazil
F. A. de Souza - Embrapa Milho & Sorgo, BR-35702098 Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil
F. R. Oehl - Agroscope
G. A. da Silva - S&N
I. R. Silva - S&N
J. Blaszkowski - West Pomeranian University of Technology
K. Jobim - Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Bot & Zool, Campus Univ, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil
L. C. Maia - S&N
F. R. Barbosa - Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Acervo Biol Amazonia Merid, BR-78557267 Sinop, Brazil
P. O. Fiuza - Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte UFRN, Ctr Biociencias, Programa Posgrad Sistemat & Evolucao, Campus Univ,Av Senador Salgado Filho 3000, BR-59078970 Natal, RN, Brazil
P. K. Divakar - Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Farm, Dept Farmacol Farmacognosia & Bot, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
B. D. Shenoy - CSIR Natl Inst Oceanog, Reg Ctr, 176 Lawsons Bay Colony, Visakhapatnam 530017, Andhra Pradesh, India
R. F. Castaneda-Ruiz - Inst Invest Fundamentales Agr Trop, Alejandro de Humboldt INIFAT, Santiago Delas Vegas, Habana, Cuba
S. Somrithipol - Biotec
A. A. Lateef - University of Ilorin
S. C. Karunarathna - Plant
S. Tibpromma - Plant
P. E. Mortimer - Plant
D. N. Wanasinghe - Plant
R. Phookamsak - Mae Fah Luang University
J. Xu - Plant
Y. Wang - Guizhou University
F. Tian - Guizhou University
P. Alvarado - ALVALAB, Dr Fernando Bongera St,Severo Ochoa Bldg S1-04, Oviedo 33006, Spain
D. W. Li - Valley Lab, Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, 153 Cook Hill Rd, Windsor, CT 06095 USA
Kusan - Rudjer Boskovic Institute
N. Matocec - Rudjer Boskovic Institute
A. Mesic - Rudjer Boskovic Institute
Z. Tkalcec - Rudjer Boskovic Institute
S. S. N. Maharachchikumbura - Supreme Council Of Health
M. Papizadeh - Pasteur Institute of Iran
G. Heredia - Inst Ecol AC, Lab Microfungi, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
F. Wartchow - Univ Fed Paraiba, Dept Sistemat & Ecol, BR-58051970 Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
M. Bakhshi - Plant
E. Boehm - 42 Longacre Dr, Livingston, NJ 07039 USA
N. Youssef - Oklahoma State University
V. P. Hustad - Northwest Missouri State University
J. D. Lawrey - George Mason University
A. L. C. M. A. Santiago - S&N
J. D. P. Bezerra - S&N
C. M. Souza-Motta - S&N
A. L. Firmino - Federal Reserve
Q. Tian - Mae Fah Luang University
J. Houbraken - Westerdijk Fungal Biodivers Inst, Uppsalalaan 8, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands
S. Hongsanan - Shenzhen University
K. Tanaka - Hirosaki University
A. J. Dissanayake - Supreme Council Of Health
J. S. Monteiro - Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi
H. P. Grossart - Leibnitz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Dept Expt Limnol, Alte Fischerhuette 2, D-16775 Stechlin, Germany
A. Suija - University of Tartu
G. Weerakoon - Nat Hist Museum, Fungi & Plants Div, Dept Life Sci, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, England
J. Etayo - IES Zizur, Dept Biol, Ronda S Cristobal 196, Navarra 31180, Spain
A. Tsurykau - Skorina Gomel State Univ, Dept Biol, Sovetskaja Str 104, Gomel 246019, BELARUS
V. Vazquez - Universidad de Málaga
P. Mungai - Kenya Wildlife Serv, Biodivers Res & Monitoring Div, Ecol Monitoring Unit, POB 40241, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
U. Damm - Senckenberg Museum Nat Hist Gorlitz, PF 300 154, D-02806 Gorlitz, Germany
Q. R. Li - Supreme Council Of Health
H. Zhang - Kunming University
S. Boonmee - Mae Fah Luang University
Y. Z. Lu - Guizhou University
A. G. Becerra - Univ Nacl Cordoba, Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Vegetal IMBIV, Lab Micol, CONICET, Casilla Correo 495, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina
B. Kendrick - Mycologue, 8727 Lochside Dr, Sidney, BC V8L 1M8, Canada
F. Q. Brearley - Manchester Metropolitan University
J. Motiejunaite - Nat Res Ctr, Lab Mycol, Zaliuju Ezeru Str 49, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
B. Sharma - Agharkar Research Institute
R. Khare - Agharkar Research Institute
S. Gaikwad - Agharkar Research Institute
D. S. A. Wijesundara - National Institute of Fundamental Studies
L. Z. Tang - Qujing Normal University
M. Q. He - Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Mycol, Inst Microbiol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China
A. Flakus - Polish Acad Sci, W Szafer Inst Bot, Dept Lichenol, Lubicz 46, PL-31512 Krakow, Poland
P. Rodriguez-Flakus - Polish Acad Sci, W Szafer Inst Bot, Lab Mol Anal, Lubicz 46, PL-31512 Krakow, Poland
M. P. Zhurbenko - Russian Acad Sci, Komarov Bot Inst, Lab Systemat & Geog Fungi, Prof Popov 2, St Petersburg 197376, Russia
E. H. C. McKenzie - Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research
M. Stadler - Helmholtz Zentrum Infekt Forsch GmbH, Dept Microbial Drugs, Inhoffenstr 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
D. J. Bhat - Azad Coop Housing Soc, 128-1-J,PO Goa Velha, Curca 403108, India
J. K. Liu - Supreme Council Of Health
M. Raza - Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Mycol, Inst Microbiol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China
R. Jeewon - University of Mauritius
E. S. Nassonova - Russian Acad Sci, Lab Cytol Unicellular Organisms, Inst Cytol, Tikhoretsky Ave 4, St Petersburg 194064, Russia
M. Prieto - Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Dept Biol & Geol, Fis & Quim Inorgan, C Tulipan Sn, Madrid 28933, Spain
R. G. U. Jayalal - Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka
M. Erdogdu - Ahi Evran University
A. Yurkov - German Collect Microorganisms & Cell Cultures Gmb, Leibniz Inst DSMZ, Inhoffenstr 7 B, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
M. Schnittler - University of Greifswald
O. N. Shchepin - Russian Acad Sci, Lab Systemat & Geog Fungi, Komarov Bot Inst, Prof Popov St 2, St Petersburg 197376, Russia
Y. K. Novozhilov - Russian Acad Sci, Lab Systemat & Geog Fungi, Komarov Bot Inst, Prof Popov St 2, St Petersburg 197376, Russia
A. G. S. Silva-Filho - Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Programa Pos Grad Sistemat & Evolucao, BR-59064741 Natal, RN, Brazil
E. Gentekaki - Mae Fah Luang University
P. Liu - College Station Medical Center
J. C. Cavender - Ohio University
Y. Kang - Supreme Council Of Health
S. Mohammad - Iranian Res Org Sci & Technol, Dept Biotechnol, Tehran, Iran
L. F. Zhang - Qujing Normal University
R. F. Xu - Qujing Normal University
Y. M. Li - Qujing Normal University
M. C. Dayarathne - Guizhou University
A. H. Ekanayaka - Mae Fah Luang University
T. C. Wen - Guizhou University
C. Y. Deng - Guizhou Electric Power Design and Research Institute
O. L. Pereira - Federal Reserve
S. Navathe - Agharkar Research Institute
D. L. Hawksworth - Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England
X. L. Fan - Beijing Forestry University
L. S. Dissanayake - Guizhou University
E. Kuhnert - Leibniz University Hannover
M. Thines - Max
Publication Details: Mycosphere, journal of fungal biology, Vol.11(1), pp.1060-1456
Publisher: Mycosphere Press
Number of pages: 397
Grant note: TRG6180001 / Thailand Research Fund; Thailand Research Fund (TRF) 2015/17/D/NZ8/00778; 2017/25/B/NZ8/00473 / National Science Centre, Poland (2017) 5639 / Excellent Youth Talent Training Project of Guizhou Province FCJD2018-22 / Talent Base Project of Guizhou Province, China China Postdoctoral Science Foundation DBG6080013 / Thailand Research grant entitled future of specialist fungi in a changing climate: baseline data for generalist and specialist fungi associated with ants, Rhododendron species and Dracaena species RSA5980068 / Thailand Research grant entitled Biodiversity, phylogeny and role of fungal endophytes on above parts of Rhizophora apiculata and Nypa fruticans 41761144055; 41771063; Y4ZK111B01 / Chinese Academy of Sciences 5-19 / Guiyang Science and Technology Project [(2017)] YNZ2018002 / Foreign Experts Bureau of Yunnan Province, Foreign Talents Program (2018) Grainger Bioinformatics Center NSF 31500017; NSFC 31760013; NSFC 31260087; NSFC 31460561 / National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 2015/17/B/NZ8/02441; DEC-2013/11/D/NZ8/03274 / National Science Centre (NCN) in Poland; National Science Centre, Poland (2019) 2873 / Guizhou Scientific Plan Project 17-04-00871; 18-04-01359; 18-04-01232 / Russian Foundation of Basic Research; Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) HRZZ-IP-201801-1736 / Croatian Science Foundation Y9180822S1 / International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program 2018FD080 / Science and Technology Department of Yunnan Province Y836181261 / Yunnan Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security RDG6130001 / Thailand Research grant entitled Impact of climate change on fungal diversity and biogeography in the Greater Mekong Subregion CAPES; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland 31850410489; 31851110759 / National Science Foundation of China (NSFC); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) NSFC 31950410558 / National Science Foundation of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) Mushroom Research Foundation JSPS 19K06802 / Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) (2018) 481 / Research Fund of Education Bureau of Guizhou Province, China 88881.062172/2014-01 / CAPES; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) 465.420/2014-1; 307.129/2015-2; 408011/2016-5 / CNPq (Brazilian Scientific Council); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ); Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Distrito Federal (FAPDF) UID/MULTI/04046/2019 / FCT, Portugal; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) 2017ZZX186 / Scientific Research Foundation of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education Chiang Mai University Yunnan Human Resources, and Social Security Department Foundation Thousand Talents Plan, Youth Project of Yunnan Provinces QYZDYSSW-SMC014 / Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan Innovation Platform for Development and Utilization of Symbiotic Fungi Resources 2019HJ2096001006 / Biodiversity Survey and Assessment Project of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, China National Science Foundation of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 2018PC0006; 2020PC0009; 2019PC0008 / CAS President's International Fellowship Initiative (PIFI)
Identifiers: 9950383808331
Academic Unit: King Saud University
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article