Abstract
•100RCSC provides the best results at ambient and elevated temperatures.•40NDSC provides satisfactory results at ambient and elevated temperatures.•Compressive strength of 80RCSSDC with 20% SD reduced compared to control sample.•Compressive strength of 80RCSCRC with 20% CR reduced significantly.
Environmental issues resulting from the sand over dredging have contributed to worldwide restrictions on its production, with a significant economic impact on concrete construction. The demolished building waste is not widely recycled globally. A suitable, environmentally friendly approach with an adequate alternative to sand is introduced in the present study. Four types of concrete, natural dune sand concrete (NDSC), recycled crushed sand concrete (RCSC), recycled crushed sand stone dust concrete (RCSSDC), and recycled crushed sand crumb rubber concrete (RCSCRC), have been introduced in the present study. In-situ compressive strength of demolished building concrete has been measured by the Non-destructive test (NDT) core testing. In the present research work, recycled crushed sand (RCS) was substituted by natural dune sand (NDS) in the ratio of 40%, 100%, and 80% in mixes 40NDSC, 100RCSC, 80RCSSDC, and 80RCSCRC, respectively. A detailed physical analysis was conducted to evaluate material properties such as specific gravity, water absorption, particle grading, and sand equivalent value. The chemical analysis pH, FTIR, and SEM-EDX have also been carried out on stone dust (SD) and crumb rubber (CR). The concrete specimens were tested at ambient and elevated temperatures 100, 200, 300, and 400 °C for four hours in an electric oven. Experimental studies show a slight increase in the compressive strength of 100RCSC (up to 300 °C) compared to 40NDSC. A sudden fall in the strength was observed at 400 °C for all concrete types 40NDSC, 100RCSC, 80RCSSDC, and 80RCSCRC. Replacement of RCS at 20% by SD and CR indicated a decreasing pattern in compressive strength. The compressive strength reduction rate was more in crumb rubber, which indicates that crumb rubber should not be used in higher percentages in concrete. The concrete samples 40NDSC and 100RCSC performed significantly better than the other concrete types.