Abstract
Here we report the introduction and first observed breeding of the Arabian Serin Crithagra rothschildi in the eastern Arabian Peninsula. Although this species is the most widely distributed endemic bird in the western highlands of the Arabian Peninsula, this record represents a range expansion of approximately 1200 km beyond its established native range. Breeding was recorded twice, once in 2019 and once 2020, for two different pairs of birds. Early reporting of alien incursions is important, as combating biological invasions is most successful at the introduction stage. These records highlight the role of pet trade as a vector of alien species introductions. They also shed light on the impact that hunting, for the purpose of pet trade, exerts on birds in the western region of the Arabian Peninsula. We suggest that pet market monitoring may help to identify caged birds and prevent new introductions.