Abstract
Background:
Studies on the interaction between bioactive molecules and HIV-1 virus
have been the focus of recent research in the scope of medicinal chemistry and pharmacology.
Objective:
Investigating the structural parameters and physico-chemical properties of elucidating
and identifying the antiviral pharmacophore sites.
Methods:
A mixed computational Petra/Osiris/Molinspiration/DFT (POM/DFT) based model has
been developed for the identification of physico-chemical parameters governing the bioactivity of
22 3-hydroxy-indolin-2-one derivatives of diacetyl-L-tartaric acid and aromatic amines containing
combined antiviral/antitumor/antibacterial pharmacophore sites. Molecular docking study was carried
out with HIV-1 integrase (pdb ID: 5KGX) in order to provide information about interactions
in the binding site of the enzyme.
Results:
The POM analyses of physico-chemical properties and geometrical parameters of compounds
3a-5j, show that they are bearing a two combined (O,O)-pockets leading to a special platform
which is able to coordinate two transition metals. The increased activity of series 3a-5j, as
compared to standard drugs, contains (Osp
2
,O sp
3
,O sp
2
)-pharmacophore site. The increase in bioactivity
from 4b (R
1
, R
2
= H, H) to 3d (R
1
, R
2
= 4-Br, 2-OCH
3
) could be attributed to the existence
of π-charge transfer from para-bromo-phenyl to its amid group (CO
δ-
--NH
δ+
). Similar to the
indole-based reference ligand (pdb: 7SK), compound 3d forms hydrogen bonding interactions between
the residues Glu170, Thr174 and His171 of HIV-1 integrase in the catalytic core domain of
the enzyme.
Conclusion:
Study confirmed the importance of oxygen atoms, especially from the methoxy group
of the phenyl ring, and electrophilic amide nitrogen atom for the formation of interactions.