Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of
leaves extract (PGE) led to the isolation of nine compounds, that is,
-labda-8(17),13-diene-15,18-diol (
), stigmasterol (
), spinasterol (
),
-(1,3-dihydroxyoctadecan-2-yl) palmitamide (
), panaxydiol (
), 3-
-glucopyranosylstigmasta-5,22-diene-3-
-ol (
), (8
)-2-(2 hydroxypentacosanoylamino) octadeca-8-ene-1,3,4-triol (
), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (
), and tamarixetin 3,7-di-
-L-rhamnopyranoside (
). Compound
is reported in this study for the first time in nature whereas compound
is reported for the second time. Structural elucidation of the compounds was carried out using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Electrospray Ionization coupled with Mass Spectrometry spectroscopic analyses. PGE and compounds
and
exhibited weak cytotoxicity against both MCF-7 and HCT-116 cell lines using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide assay. The antimicrobial activity of PGE and compounds
and
was evaluated using the agar diffusion method.
was the most susceptible Gram-negative bacteria toward PGE with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 9.76 μg/mL, whereas compounds
and
did not show any antimicrobial activity. Compound
exhibited promising inhibition of histamine release using U937 human monocytes with an IC
value of 38.65 μg/mL.