Abstract
Purpose of study: The undertaken study aims to assess the polyphenolic profile, and antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiabetic, and cytotoxic potential of Seriphidium kurramense (Qazilb.) Y. R. Ling extracts.
Methods: Extracts of aerial parts were prepared by successive extraction (n-hexane {Sk-nH}, ethyl acetate {Sk-EA}, methanol {Sk-M} and aqueous {Sk-Aq}). Chromogenic assays determined the antioxidant profile while HPLC quantified several polyphenols. Agar well diffusion was employed for antimicrobial potential while brine shrimp and hemolytic assays established the biosafety profile.
Results: The results have shown that maximum extract recovery (17.49% w/w), total phenolics content (24.44 +/- 0.15 lg GAE/mgE), and total flavonoids content (6.87 +/- 0.25 lg QE/mgE) were recorded in Sk-Aq. RP-HPLC quantified a significant amount of syringic acid (1.43 +/- 0.05 mg/mgE), caffeic acid (0.48 +/- 0.02 mg/mgE), gentisic acid (6.44 +/- 0.01 mg/mgE), and quercetin (4.3 9 +/- 0.01 mg/mgE) in Sk-Aq, while maximum amounts of thymoquinone (0.21 +/- 0.02 mg/mgE) and luteolin (3.90 +/- 0.03 mg/mgE) along with apigenin (3.72 +/- 0.03 mg/mgE) existed in Sk-M and highest quantities of ferulic acid (2.98 +/- 0.01 mg/mgE), myricetin (1.04 +/- 0.02 mg/mgE) and kaempferol (1.23 +/- 0.01 mg/mgE) were found to be present in Sk-EA. A substantial free radical scavenging (85.87 +/- 1.00%), total reducing power (211.93 +/- 0.97 mg AAE/mgE), and urease inhibition activity (87.99 +/- 0.19% at 500 mg/ml) were also recorded in the Sk-Aq. The highest antioxidant capacity (243.5 +/- 1.12 mg AAE/mgE), antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activity (100% reduction in plaque formation at 400 mg/ml) were observed for Sk-EA. Maximum antibacterial and antifungal activities were revealed against Klebsiella pneumoniae (MIC = 25 +/- 0.37 mg/ml), and Candida albicans (MIC = 50 +/- 0.19 mg/ml) respectively. The prominent antidiabetic potential was displayed by Sk-nH in terms of a-amylase and a-glucosidase inhibition.
Conclusion: The results reported, herein suggest that S. kurramense can be a promising candidate for antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antidiabetic secondary metabolites. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.