Abstract
The use of natural extracts in the treatment of diabetes mellitus has grown recently. In the current study, the immune-protecting effects and the hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of Combretum molle (C. molle) extract on oxidative injury, DNA damage, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia were assessed. Forty male albino rats were divided into four groups: control, streptozotocin (STZ), C. molle, and STZ plus C. molle. Test subjects' blood glucose levels, insulin hormone, HbA1C, C-peptide, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, myeloperoxidase, and xanthine oxidase), markers of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA]), histological sections of pancreatic tissues, and comet assay were evaluated. Histological sections in pancreatic tissues were treated as indicators of C. molle efficacy for the alleviation of STZ toxicity. The genotoxicity of diabetes mellitus was assessed, and the possible therapeutic roles of C. molle on antioxidant enzymes were studied. These findings showed that the administration of C. molle reduced oxidative stress to normal levels, lowered blood glucose levels, and elevated insulin hormone. Additionally, C. molle significantly decreased pancreatic and dermal genotoxicity. The data clearly show that C. molle inhibited pancreatic, dermal, and DNA injury and improved the oxidative state in male rats, suggesting that the use of C.molle is a promising synergistic potential ameliorative agent in the diabetic animal model. The recovery of the alterations in the pancreatic tissues led to great improvements, which proved C. molle's promising capacity in the treatment of diabetes mellitus with wounds. This treatment can be considered as one of the promising opportunities for diabetic patients and may open the door for this plant's multimedical capabilities.