Abstract
A stable extractor of metal ions was synthesized through azo linking of o-hydroxybenzamide (HBAM) with Amberlite XAD-4 (AXAD-4) and was characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectral, and thermal studies. Its water regain value and hydrogen ion capacity were found to be 12.93 and 7.68?mmol?g-1, respectively. The optimum pH range (with the half-loading time [min], t1/2) for Cu(II), Cr(III), Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II), and Pb(II) ions were 2.04.0 (5.5), 2.04.0 (7.0), 2.04.0 (8.0), 4.06.0 (9.0), 4.06.0 (12.0), and 2.04.0 (15.0), respectively. Comparison of breakthrough and overall capacities of the metals ascertains the high degree of column utilization (>70%). The overall sorption capacities for Cu(II), Cr(III), Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II), and Pb(II) ions were found to be 0.29, 0.22, 0.20, 0.16, 0.13, and 0.11?mmol?g-1 with the corresponding preconcentration factor of 400, 380, 380, 360, 320, and 320, respectively. The limit of preconcentration was in the range of 5.06.3?ng?mL-1. The detection limit for Cu(II), Cr(III), Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II), and Pb(II) were found to be 0.39, 0.49, 0.42, 0.59, 0.71, and 1.10?ng?mL-1, respectively. The AXAD-4-HBAM has been successfully applied for the analysis of natural water, multivitamin formulation, infant milk substitute, hydrogenated oil, urine, and fish.