Abstract
Background-Patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and paradoxical low flow (PLF) have worse outcome compared with those with normal flow. Furthermore, prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) after aortic valve replacement is a predictor of reduced survival. However, the prevalence and prognostic impact of PPM in patients with PLF-AS are unknown. We aimed to analyze the prevalence and long-term survival of PPM in patients with PLF-AS.
Methods and Results-Between 2000 and 2010, 677 patients with severe AS, preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, and aortic valve replacement were included (74+/-8 years; 42% women; aortic valve area, 0.69+/-0.16 cm(2)). A PLF (indexed stroke volume <= 35 mL/m(2)) was found in 26%, and after aortic valve replacement, 54% of patients had PPM, defined as an indexed effective orifice area <= 0.85 cm(2)/m(2). The combined presence of PLF and PPM was found in 15%. Compared with patients with noPLF/noPPM, those with PLF/PPM were significantly older, with more comorbidities. They also received smaller and biological bioprosthesis more often (all P< 0.01). Although early mortality was not significantly different between groups, the 10-year survival rate was significantly reduced in case of PLF/PPM compared with noPLF/noPPM (38+/-9% versus 70+/-5%; P= 0.002), even after multivariable adjustment (hazard ratio, 2.58; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-4.45; P= 0.0007).
Conclusions-In this large catheterization-based study, the coexistence of PLF-AS before surgery and PPM after surgery is associated with the poorest outcome.