Abstract
Objective. Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is one of the main causative agents of nosocomial infections that has posed a major threat to those with compromised immune systems such as nursing home residents. The aim of this study was to determine the rates of MRSA strains and the types ofStaphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec)in nursing homes in Saudi Arabia.Methods. A total of 188 nasal swabs were collected from the residents and nursing staff in two nursing homes in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All MRSA isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and analyzed formecAandSCCmectyping by multiplex PCR assay. Detection of the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene was also tested in all positive MRSA isolates by multiplex PCR using specific primers.Results. Among the 188 collected nasal swabs (105 males and 83 females), MRSA colonization rate was 9.04% (11 (5.85%) females and 6 (5.71%) males). About 47% of MRSA were multidrug resistant (MDR) as acquired resistance to beta-lactam, macrolide, and aminoglycoside antibiotics. However, all the MRSA isolates showed susceptibility to vancomycin, tigecycline, and linezolid. All the MRSA isolates (n = 17) weremecA-positive with the SCCmecIVc (n = 7, 41.18%) as the most common SCCmectype followed by SCCmecV (n = 5, 29.41%) and SCCmecIVa (n = 2, 11.76%). The remaining isolates (n = 3) were nontypeable (17.65%). In addition, the PVL toxin gene was only detected in four of the male samples.Conclusion. MRSA nasal colonization is a common incident among nursing home residents. The prevalence of community-associated (CA) MRSA (SCCmecIV and V) was more common than hospital-associated (HA) MRSA in our study samples. It is crucial to investigate such rate of incidence, which is a key tool in preventive medicine and would aid in determining health policy and predict emergent outbreaks.