Abstract
Objective: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairment in verbal and nonverbal communication, repetitive and stereotypic behavior. Dysregulated immune system has a role in the pathogenesis of Autism. This study was designed to measure the prevalence of antimitochondrial (AM) antibodies in a group of autistic children. Methods: AM antibodies subtype 2 (AMA-M2) were evaluated by indirect solid phase enzyme immunoassay in 62 autistic children and 14 age-matched healthy controls. Autistic activity was assessed by using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale. Results: Significantly elevated levels of AMA-M2 were observed in the sera of autistic children (n = 54, 0.221 +/- 0.029 IU/ml [mean +/- SEM]) compared with healthy controls (n = 14, 0.111 +/- 0.010 IU/ml [mean +/- SEM], p = 0.0008) and there was no significant difference in patients with moderate to severe autism (p = 0.49). AM antibodies in autistic patients have no correlation with Childhood Autism Rating Scale score. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated significantly high levels of AMA-M2 in autistic subjects when compared with healthy controls. Further large-scale studies are required to dissect any pathogenic role of these antibodies in the development of autism.