Abstract
Background Despite the recent improvement in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, it still has a poor prognosis with a low survival rate. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms have proved to play a substantial role in CRC tumorigenesis and progression. According to Gene Ontology and TargetScan analyses, the B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) gene is one of the microRNA-17 (miR-17) targets. We aimed to explore the prognostic value of B-Raf protein and BRAF/microRNA-17 (MIR-17) gene expression signature in CRC archived samples.
Methods B-Raf protein expression was identified by immunohistochemistry, while gene expression studies were quantified by real-time qPCR in 53 paired archived CRC specimens.
Results The BRAF showed higher expressions in CRC specimens relative to non-cancer tissues (p = 0.006). MIR17 expression was inversely and significantly correlated with both B-Raf protein (r = -0.79, p < 0.001) and gene expression (r = -0.35, p = 0.010) and showed a significant direct correlation with a high rate of relapse (p = 0.020). BRAF/miR-17 expression in CRC was associated inversely with tumor size, high grade of colonic carcinoma, lymph node metastasis, and carcinoma subtype. Spearman correlation and Kaplan-Meier survival curve analyses revealed that disease-free survival and overall survival were inversely and significantly correlated with positive B-Raf protein expression (r = -0.31 and -0.35, p = 0.023 and 0.011, respectively) and directly correlated with log BRAF/MIR17 ratio (r = 0.50 and 0.41, p < 0.001 and = 0.003, respectively). Cox hazard regression analysis revealed the BRAF/MIR17 ratio could predict both types of patients' survival, among other variables.
Conclusion BRAF/MIR17 ratio could have prognostic utility in patients with CRC. Further larger-scale studies are warranted to confirm this utility.