Abstract
Background:
The extensive search for a novel therapeutic agent against Alzheimer's
Disease (AD) in medical and pharmaceutical research still continues. Despite a lot being explored
about its therapeutics, there is still much more to learn in order to achieve promising therapeutic
agents against AD. Phytochemicals, especially secondary metabolites, are the major focus of the investigators
for AD treatment.
Objective:
To describe major therapeutics targets of AD and the role of isothiocyanates (ITCs) in
modulating these targets.
Methods:
Scientific databases, including Elsevier, Science Direct, Pub med, were explored. The explored
literature was mainly journal publications on pathogenesis and targets of AD, and the effect
of various ITCs in the modulation of these targets.
Results:
The major targets of AD include the Nrf-2/ARE signaling pathway, MAPKs pathway,
GSK-3 signaling, and Ubiquitin-Protease system. ITCs, such as Sulforaphane, Allyl isothiocyanates,
Moringin, 6-(methylsulfinyl) hexyl ITC, Phenethyl isothiocyanates, and Erucin, were reported
to exert a protective effect against AD via modulating one of the several above mentioned targets.
Conclusion:
This article gives a detailed description of the therapeutic targets of AD and sheds
light that phytochemicals, such as ITCs, can exert a protective effect against AD by targeting those
pathways. However, properly designed research and clinical trials are required to include ITCs as a
mainstream agent against AD.