Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a granulomatous infection that is still the biggest cause of death across the world. TB is a leading cause of death among those living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and those who have acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), accounting for one out of every three HIV deaths. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB are also on the rise, posing a major threat to global TB control efforts. And they've contributed to the situation's complexity. The emergence of MDR-TB strains demands the development of new molecular scaffolds. One possible method to combat drug resistance is to modify and reposition current anti-TB or old medications to produce derivatives that can work on resistant Mycobacterium bacilli. When compared to innovative medicines found by standard drug design and development methods, these might have a longer half-life, higher bioavailability, be more effective, and be more cost-effective. Although much research has been done on the effects of first-line drugs such as isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and rifampicin on drug-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), little has been done on the effects of derivatives on resistant Mtb. As a result, the purpose of this research is to provide a brief overview of pyrazinamide derivatives, which have the potential to overcome resistance to the parent drug and serve as viable alternatives. Pyrazinamide derivatives' potential for developing new chemical entities (NCEs) to treat mycobacterial infections is yet unclear.