Abstract
Direct current (DC) microgrids are providing a pathway towards zero-carbon based future. This paper proposes a quick reaching law based global terminal sliding mode control (QRL-GTSMC) for a DC microgrid with hybrid power generation including wind, hydrogen and battery. The proposed control scheme reduces the chattering phenomenon and provides fast reaching time. Furthermore, this study discusses two-level control with system level energy management and device level QRL-GTSMC control. The proposed configuration of DC microgrid includes a complete cycle of hydrogen generation, storage and utilization, which increases the system’s complexity but improves flexibility. Firstly, the mathematical models of the wind energy system (WES), fuel cell (FC), electrolyzer, hydrogen tank and battery are developed to study their dynamical behavior. Then, the energy management strategy (EMS) and QRL-GTSMC based low-level controllers are designed. The stability of the control scheme is analyzed through Lyapunov stability criteria. After that, the effectiveness of the proposed framework is demonstrated via MATLAB simulations and compared with conventional PID and terminal sliding mode control. Finally, real-time controller hardware-in-the-loop tests based on TMS320F28379D 32-bit microcontrollers are performed. The simulation and experimental results indicate the stable performance of the DC microgrid under varying weather conditions and system uncertainties while ensuring the asymptotical stability of the whole closed-loop system.
•Dynamics of hydrogen based DC microgrid are mathematically modeled.•Multiple QRL-GTSMC based nonlinear controllers are designed for DC microgrid.•Simple but comprehensive energy management system is proposed to improve the lifespan of battery and fuel cell.•The theoretical stability of the proposed controllers is examined.•Simulation and experimental analysis are done to test controller’s robustness and tracking accuracy.