Abstract
Recurrent miscarriage is three or more consecutive pregnancy loss before 20 weeks of gestation. Despite detailed investigation of couples experiencing RSA in 40 to 50% of cases, the aetiology cannot be ascertained and are termed Idiopathic Recurrent Spontaneous Abortions (iRSA).
DISCUSSION In the clinical investigation of male partner of iRSA, semen analysis detailing the sperm parameters do not always reveal significant information that could assist the clinician in patient's treatment. Due to limited predictive potential of semen analysis, new markers with better diagnostic and prognostic characteristic and ability to efficiently predict adverse reproductive events are being investigated. The findings of these studies have reported oxidative stress associated with sperm DNA damage as a leading cause for lower conception rate after assisted conception techniques. These findings have also provided a new direction to the studies investigating molecular markers as free radicals, antioxidants and sperm DNA fragmentation. It has been suggested that these markers are more reliable than semen analysis in male infertility cases including male partners of couples experiencing iRSA. Further, these recent studies also suggest that oxidative stress and sperm DNA integrity may offer better potential to predict sperm reproductive capacity.
CONCLUSION This review provides an in-depth understanding of iRSA, its causative factors, the clinical findings and the most preferred therapeutics that could assist to improve the pregnancy outcome in such cases.