Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer incidence in the US is known to increase dramatically at the age of forty and elevates steadily with higher age since then. In the year 2015, there were about forty-eight years, 160 females aged between forty years to forty-nine years who were diagnosed with breast cancer in the US, that is responsible for about seventeen percent or one in six, of all breast cancer diagnoses. in addition, an estimated forty percent of the years of life that were lost due to breast cancer can be attributed to females diagnosed while in their forties. therefore, breast cancer burden among females aged forty to forty-nine is very important. In this review, we will discuss routine screening in women.
Methodology: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, January 1985, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: Routine screening, breast cancer, women, prevention, preventive medicine, family medicine women health
Conclusions: There is a large body of evidence demonstrating a thirty percent to fifty percent mortality benefit of screening mammography for females aged between forty years and forty-nine years. The magnitude of the mortality benefit is equal to that for females over fifty years. Because of more rapid cancer growth rates in younger females and shorter average lead-times, annual screening has been shown to be more effective than biennial screening. Critics of mammography have over-emphasized the potential harms of screening relative to the life-saving benefits. Research has shown that a vast majority of females are highly tolerant of false-positive results, which in most instances merely consist of additional imaging. The best available evidence indicates that fewer than ten percent of breast cancers are over-diagnosed. If implemented, the recent USPSTF breast cancer screening guidelines, which recommend against routine screening of females in their forties, can result in thousands of preventable breast cancer deaths per year.