Abstract
A green and sustainable heterogeneous nanocatalyst for the Suzuki reaction was fabricated by refining rice straw to ionic nanocellulose Schiff base (NCESB) which was employed for bio-reduction of Pd(II) into Pd nanoparticles (Pd NPs) and immobilization of these NPs to fabricate the desired nanocatalyst (NCESB@Pd). The TEM image revealed well-dispersed PdNPs with sizes of 5–23 nm. The new nanocatalyst displayed amazing activity in catalyzing coupling reactions of a wide range of halobenzenes with phenylboronic acid at 50 °C (reaction time 15–60 min) and even at room temperature (reaction time 120 min). The NCESB@Pd nanocatalyst exhibited excellent recyclability (up to five catalytic runs) without a significant loss of its activity or identity. Therefore, the new ionic nanocatalyst may open a new window for a novel generation of ionic low-cost green and highly effective nanocatalysts for organic transformation reactions.
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•Rice straw was successfully refined to ionic nanocellulose Schiff base (NCESB).•NCESB was used as bio-reductant of Pd(II) and support for fabrication of NCESB@Pd nanocatalyst.•The nanocatalyst displayed amazing activity in catalyzing Suzuki coupling reactions.•NCESB@Pd exhibits excellent recyclability (up to five catalytic runs).