Abstract
Intensive farming practices, that warrant high yield and quality, require the extensive use of chemical fertilizers, which are costly and create environmental problems. Therefore, more recently there has been a resurgence of interest in environmental friendly, sustainable and organic agricultural practices. Bio fertilizers have some microorganisms which convert elements to available nutrient for plant's roots. There is no doubt that the trend to rationalize the use of chemical fertilizers, with the expansion of the use of safe alternatives, such as drinking water purification residuals which called rouba within a good system known as clean agriculture or within organic farming programs. Because of its advantages that contribute to improve productivity, quality and producing safe crop, in addition to preserve the environment. Two field experiments were conducted in 2015 and 2016 seasons. The objectives of this research were to study the role of fertilizers (mineral, organic and bio) and/or drinking water purification residuals on growth and some chemical parameters of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) plants grown in sandy soil. Each experiment included eight treatments: T-1 (Control; 100% NPK mineral fertilizer [60kg N, 45kg P2O and 50kg K2O per faddan] added as soil application). T-2 (Bio fertilizer with Bacillus magisterium, as phosphate dissolving bacterium, Bacillus cerulean, as potassium realizing bacterium and Bacillus polymerase, as a N-2 fixing bacterium were applied as seed inoculation and soil application, at rate 400g /faddan). T-3 (Compost, added as soil application at rat 12 ton/faddan). T-4 (Rouba wastes; the residues of drinking water purification), as rate 20 m(3)/faddan). T-5 (50% NPK mineral fertilizer + biofertilizer). T-6 (50% NPK mineral fertilizer + compost). T-7 (50% NPK mineral fertilizer + rouba). T-8 (50% NPK mineral fertilizer+ biofertilizer + compost + rouba). A randomized complete blocks design with three replications was used. The results indicated that T-8 induced superior plant in most of the growth and chemical characteristics (No. of pod/plant, pod yield/plant, seed yield/plant, shelling percentage, weight of 100 seed, total pod yield, total seed yield, oil and protein percentage of the seed) of the peanut. Therefore, we can use T-8 (50% NPK mineral fertilizer + biofertilizer + compost + rouba) as a safe alternatives and cheap in agricultural practices for its advantages that contribute to improve productivity, quality and producing safe crop, in addition to preserve the environment