Abstract
Limited data are available regarding the risk factors associated with the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) among Sudanese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
A case-control study was conducted at Dr. Salma Center for Kidney Diseases between April and September 2019. Patients with T2DM and DKD were compared to age and sex-matched T2DM patients with no kidney disease (NKD). Socio-demographic features, clinical findings, and laboratory investigations of the study subjects and controls were analyzed using SPSS.
A total of 372 patients with DKD were compared to 364 T2DM patients with NKD. The mean age of the DKD patients was 58 ± 13.4 years, their median eGFR was 37.3 ± 4.9 ml/min/1.73 m2; they had their T2DM at a significantly younger age compared to controls (P = 0.014). Logistic regression analysis revealed that a family history of diabetes mellitus, a family history of chronic kidney disease, the presence of hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, hyperuricemia, smoking, recurrent urinary tract infection, and the regular use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were significantly associated with the development of DKD (P values < 0.05).
A series of modifiable risk factors were found to be significant determinants for developing DKD. Primary care physicians are expected to pay considerable attention to their control.
•Patients who develop type 2 diabetes at a younger age are at increased of developing kidney disease; a case-control study.•More evidence regarding familial tendency toward developing diabetic kidney disease.•A series of modifiable risk factors are associated with the development of diabetic kidney disease among Sudanese adults.