Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess and compare serum visfatin levels with body composition adiposity indices and glycemic control in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
METHODS: This observational case-control study was conducted at the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from April 2018 to March 2019. We studied sixty three individuals (33 T2DM and 30 controls) who were recruited from diabetes care clinics. Anthropometric, demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded from all participants and they were matched for age and gender. Venous blood samples were collected to measure visfatin and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Adiposity indices were analyzed by Bio Impedance Analyzer (BIA).
RESULTS: Serum visfatin levels were 7.01 +/- 3.79 ng/ml in subjects with T2DM and 4.02 +/- 274 ng/ml in healthy subjects (p=0.046). Body composition indices including BMI, BMR, body fat percentage [BF%], body fat mass [BFM], truncal fat [TF), truncal fat mass [TFM] and visceral fat [VF] differences were not statistically significant between two groups. Serum visfatin levels were 9.29 +/- 3.44 ng/ml in T2DM with poor glycemic control (HbA1c>7.5%) as compared to 4.24 +/- 1.87 ng/ml in diabetic patients with good glycemic control (HbAIc<7.5%) [p=0.001]. Visfatin positively correlated with BMI (r=0.284, p<0.05), BF% (r=0.302, p<0.05), BFM (r=0.280, p<0.05), VF (r=0.263, p<0.05) and HbA1c (r=0.394, p<0.01).
CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that T2DM patients have high serum visfatin levels. Moreover, higher levels of visfatin are observed with poor glycemic control and increasing body adiposity indices.