Abstract
Objective: To determine the spectrum of severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) among diabetics with diabetic retinopathy (DR).
Methodology: This cross- sectional study was carried out in Cardiology department, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from 11 Nov, 2017 to 10 March, 2018. All patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in study by using non-probability sampling. After written, informed consent, patients were subjected to detailed history taking and physical examination, followed by fundoscopic examination of eye and angiography for CAD. Based on fundoscopy patients were classified in non-Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) , pre proliferative DR (pre-PDR)and proliferative DR(PDR). Angiographic severity of CAD categorized patients into non-CAD, mild, moderate and severe CAD depending on number of vessels involved. Data was analyzed in SPSS 20.
Results: Total of 103 patients were included with mean age of 54 + 8.1 years of which 68% were males. Mean duration of DM was 7.1 + 2.6 years, 26.2% patients had history of CAD with 10.6% STEMI and 15:5% NSTEMI, 30.09% patients had no DR while 50.4% and 15.4% were categorized as pre PDR and PRD respectively. About 26.2% patients had no CAD while 36.9%, 21.3% and 11.6% fell in category of mild, moderate and severe CAD respectively.
Conclusions: Diabetic Retinopathy and CAD are strongly related and increase in stage of Diabetic Retinopathy increases the severity of CAD.