Abstract
In this work, the freezing process has been expedited with elevating the concentration of nanoparticles and increasing their shape factor. The driving force of solidification is conduction mode and it is reasonable proposition to neglect the buoyancy force in deriving the mathematical model. Due to absence of velocity term, only temperature equation with involve of unsteady source term of phase changing have been involved. For better visual presentation of speed of freezing, solid front has been portrayed for various cases. The impacts of shape factor and volume concentration of copper oxide have been demonstrated in outputs. The patterns of grid demonstrate the adaptive grid and the code were verified according to previous publication. With growth of concentration of CuO, the period declines around 11.72% which is associated with elevation of conductivity. Moreover, outputs revealed that with imposing higher shape factor, the process finished in lower time about 5.96%.
•Freezing process has been expedited with dispersing various shapes nanoparticles.•Galerkin method for modeling of this unsteady phenomenon was used.•With imposing higher shape factor, the process finished in lower time about 5.96%.•With growth of concentration of CuO, the period declines around 11.72%.