Abstract
A highly sensitive and selective method was developed for simultaneous detection of uric acid (UA), xanthine (XA) and hypoxanthine (HX) based on a 1,3,6,8-pyrene tetra sulfonic acid sodium salt functionalized nitrogendoped graphene (PyTS-NG) composite. The material was synthesized by utilizing a facile ultrasonic method via pi-pi conjugate action between 1,3,6,8-pyrene tetra sulfonic acid sodium salt (PyTS) and nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) molecule. Compared with pristine NG, the material had better dispersivity and conductivity, which might-be attributed to a large number of edge-plane-like defective sites on the surface of PyTS-NG that would accelerate electron transfer between electrode and species in solution. The surface morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical behaviors of UA, XA and HX on the surface of PyTS-NG were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under the optimized condition, the linear ranges for the determination of UA, XA and HX were 9-1000, 8-800 and 8-200 mu M, with the detection limits (S/N = 3) of 0331, 0.0838 and 0.231 mu M, respectively. Furthermore, the practical application of the present method was evidenced by determining UA, XA and HX in human blood serum and urine samples. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.