Abstract
Vancomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. However, its use is limited by nephrotoxicity. The aim of this research was to utilize nanotechnology to exert a protective effect from the nephrotoxicity of Vancomycin by developing Vancomycin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) with an antioxidant Ellagic acid. A solvent evaporation-ultrasonication technique was used in the formulation of the SLN, and the prepared nanoparticles were characterized for particle size, entrapment efficiency, and stability. Moreover, an in vivo study was performed on rabbits to assess the protective effect of Ellagic acid on occurrence of Vancomycin nephrotoxicity. The results indicated that Vancomycin-Ellagic acid SLNs were successfully prepared with a size of 164 nm, zeta potential of 14.2 mV, and entrapment efficiency for Vancomycin and Ellagic acid at 35.6 and 94.8, respectively. The in vivo test indicated a non-significant difference between levels of all tested kidney function parameters, comprised of: serum creatinine, urea, glucose, calcium, sodium, and potassium, for animals treated with Vancomycin-Ellagic acid SLNs and a control group. In comparison, the group treated with Vancomycin alone showed a significant difference in all tested parameters from the control group.
Vancomycin-ellagic SLNs act as a promising novel carrier that decreases Vancomycin nephrotoxicity, and exerts an antioxidant protective effect from kidney failure.
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