Abstract
We are studying the lignicolous freshwater fungi along a north-south latitudinal gradient in Asia. In this paper, fresh collections of Sporoschisma from submerged wood in Yunnan Province, China, are characterized by morphology and ITS and nuclear large subunit 28S rDNA sequences. The phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS and LSU sequence data placed the isolates within the family Chaetosphaeriaceae, order Chaetosphaeriales. The collections were identified as Sporoschisma hemipsilum, S. mirabile, S. nigroseptatum, S. phaeocentron, and S. taitense, while S. mirabile, S. nigroseptatum, S. phaeocentron, and S. taitense are the first records in China. Sporoschisma aquaticum is described as new species. The conidial characters of Sporoschisma species obtained in this study are summarized. Descriptions and illustrations are provided for the six species of Sporoschisma with notes on their taxonomy.