Abstract
We investigate the effect of temperature and light soaking on the stability and charge carrier behavior in triple cation 3-Dimensional (3D) and 2-Dimensional (2D)/3-Dimensional perovskite solar cells (PSCs) using electric field induced second harmonic generation (EFISHG) and impedance spectroscopy (IS) techniques. To prepare the 2D/3D perovskite structures, a layer-by-layer deposition method was employed. Spiro-OMeTAD based hole transport layer was deposited on the top of the perovskite layer using a spin coating procedure. The average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the fresh fabricated cells was ∼18%. The electric fields in the PSCs were selectively probed by the EFISHG measurements, using the fundamental laser beam wavelength of 960 nm. The results show that the EFISHG technique could be potentially used to identify the degradation mechanism in the PSCs. Also, the IS technique was performed to investigate the electrical parameters affected under light and heat soaking environment. The 2D/3D hybrid PSCs show relatively good stability and better efficiency as compared to 3D PSCs.
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•Studied the effect of temperature & light on the stability of 3D and 3D/2D PSCs.•EFISHG and impedance spectroscopy techniques have been used.•2D/3D hybrid PSCs show better stability as compared to 3D PSCs.