Abstract
Self-healing materials (SHEM) have extensive characteristics that significantly influence structural and polymeric components' damage detection and healing behaviour. The composite materials with self-healing capabilities can automatically repair themselves after damage and lessen the economic losses. The present work aims to explore the recent successes in these endeavours from numerous kinds of research published over the last few years and focuses on methodologies/mechanisms, material types, and the excellent abilities of SHEM in various fields. The three objectives of the current article are: (i) to deliberate the motivation behind materials that can either extrinsically or intrinsically heal. (ii) investigate research on self-healing composites, emphasizing several healing systems or mechanisms. (iii) to review the most recent developments and applications of self-healing materials in different sectors. Additionally, some of the classifications, computational methods, and healing efficiency specific to self-healing materials have been reviewed, and the individual comparisons of self-healing techniques are discussed.