Abstract
The anatase TiO2 (001) surface has attracted extensive attention in surface science and for practical applications because of its excellent performance. However, the highly reactive (001) surface usually reconstructs to a (1 x 4)-(001) surface, which may potentially alter its properties. As a result, there are still controversial issues concerning the intrinsic performance of this surface. Recently, significant advances have been made in the surface science study of TiO2 (001), which have elucidated its intrinsic physical and chemical properties. In this review, we summarize our present understanding of the structure and properties of the reconstructed TiO2 (001) surface. First, we provide a brief background of the anatase TiO2 surfaces, including its low-index surface structures and the synthesis of anatase TiO2 nanocrystals with the (001) surface exposed. Next, we focus on the structure, formation mechanism, stability, and surface chemistry of the reconstructed TiO2 (001) surface. Finally, we finish this review by highlighting the current challenges of this subject and providing future research perspectives.