Abstract
Background
Lung cancer is estimated to be 12% of all new cases of cancer. It is one of the most common cancers in men and women, and it is the main cause of cancer-related death in the United States of America. More than 90% of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients are elderly, with a current or past history of smoking. In Saudi Arabia, lung cancer incidence is low as compared to the global incidence. In 2013, the age-standardized ratio (ASR) was 1.8 per 100,000 for females and 5.5 per 100,000 for males. In our study, we aimed to assess the outcomes of SCLC at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included all patients aged 14 years and older with a diagnosis of SCLC from 2007 to 2017 using electronic medical records at KAUH.
Data analysis was performed using Stata SE, version 15.0 (StataCorp LLC, TX). The primary outcome of this study was the survival of patients diagnosed with SCLC. Survival was defined as the time the patient lived in months from the date of pathological diagnosis to the date of the last follow-up or death. We included all variables in a univariate and multivariate analysis to determine the hazard ratio for each variable.
Results
In our study, we initially collected 193 lung cancer cases diagnosed during the period of 2007 to 2017 at KAUH, which was then narrowed to 22 after the selection of only SCLC cases.
Data obtained showed 20 males (90.91%) and two females (9.09%), the median age of diagnosis was 64 years, and 45% of patients are active smokers, 9% are ex-smokers, and the smoking status of 41% of patients is unknown. Our data showed an overall median survival of 6.4 months (interval=11).
Conclusion
We observed that more than half of our patients who received chemotherapy showed improvement and a higher survival rate than those who didn't. In addition, 19% who received radiation therapy showed improvement and a higher survival rate than those who didn't. Future efforts to address the major issues that surround SCLC survivors, and to formulate a comprehensive survivorship care plan are required to develop better outcomes in survival and to improve the overall quality of life to pretreatment levels.