Abstract
The method of cryopreservation was described as very simple with the potential application of a wide range of date palms. The undifferentiated tissue cultures have been successfully frozen by later freezing methods of renewed seedlings. Shoot tips of date palm were cultured on M S-medium containing 10 mg / 1 2,4-D + 3mg / 1 2iP. The embryogenic callus of about 65% of the water content caused by 20 minutes of air drying period recorded the highest percentage of survival and in vitro conversion to plants. Among the different types of sugars (sucrose) used as pretreatment agents in the pre-plant average, sucrose was the best for the persistence of cryogenic palm tree cultures. The highest survival rate (80%) and switch to plants (70%) were observed with 1 M sucrose. Cryopreservation of date palm embryogenic callus via encapsulation is a newly methods we trying to introduce to our lab and spread for others also. The encapsulation is a simple process that can be done inserting the propagule singly into an alginate drop and then falling it into a complexing solution (20-35 min) to form calcium alginate capsules that are approximately 5 mm in diameter. The presence of nutritive elements into the capsule (artificial endosperm) has a function similar to endosperm of zygotic seeds. RAPD was extensively used to study the genetic stability of cryogenic tissue cultures from date palm. According to RAPD analysis, the seedlings derived from cryopreserved cultures were similar to those derived from untreated cultures, both of which were similar to the cultivated plants in the field.