Abstract
:
The last couple of months have witnessed the world in a state of virtual standstill. The
SARS-CoV-2 virus has overtaken the globe to economic and social lockdown. Many patients with
COVID-19 have compromised immunity, especially in an aged population suffering from Parkinson's
disease (PD).
:
Alteration in dopaminergic neurons and deficiency of dopamine in PD patients are the most common
symptoms affecting 1% population above the age of 60 years. The compromised immune system
and inflammatory manifestation in PD patients make them an easy target. The most common
drugs under trial for COVID-19 are remdesivir, favipiravir, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine,
azithromycin along with adjunct drugs like amantadine with some monoclonal antibodies.
:
Presently, clinically US FDA approved drugs in PD include Levodopa, catechol-O-methyl transferase
(COMT) inhibitors, (Entacapone and Tolcapone), dopamine agonists (Bromocriptine,
Ropinirole, Pramipexole, and Rotigotine), monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors (Selegiline
and Rasagiline), amantadine and antimuscarinic drugs. The drugs have established mechanisms of
action on PD patients with known pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties along with
dose and adverse effects.
:
Conclusion and relevance of this review focus on the drugs that can be tried on PD patients with
SAR CoV-2 infection, in particular, amantadine that has been approved by all the developed countries
as a common drug possessing both antiviral properties by downregulation of CTSL, lysosomal
pathway disturbance and change in pH necessary to uncoat the viral proteins and anti-
Parkinson properties. To deal with the significant prognostic adverse effect of SARS-CoV-2 on
PD, the present-day treatment options, clinical presentation and various mechanisms are the need
of the hour.